AWS Certified Developer - Associate
API Gateway
Websockets vs REST API
In this article, we explore the fundamental differences between WebSockets and REST APIs. We outline how each communication model functions and discuss appropriate scenarios for choosing one over the other.
Understanding REST APIs
REST APIs operate on a request-response model, where the client initiates communication by sending a request, and the server responds accordingly. This model is well-suited for standard data retrieval and CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations. However, REST APIs are inherently stateless, which means that the client must continuously poll the server to check for updates. For instance, in a chat application utilizing a REST API, the client repeatedly asks, "Are there any new messages?" until a new message is received.
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Introducing WebSockets
WebSockets establish a persistent, bidirectional connection between the client and the server. Following an initial handshake initiated by the client, the server accepts the connection, allowing both parties to continuously exchange information without the need to repeatedly reconnect. This real-time, low-latency communication model is ideal for applications that require immediate data exchange, such as online gaming, financial trading platforms, collaborative editing tools, and chat applications.
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Comparing Communication Models
Below is a summary table that highlights the key differences between REST APIs and WebSockets:
| Feature | REST APIs | WebSockets |
|---|---|---|
| Communication Model | Client-initiated request-response | Bidirectional data exchange |
| State Management | Stateless | Persistent connection |
| Use Cases | CRUD operations, standard interactions | Real-time applications, streaming data |
Diagram: REST API vs WebSocket
Below is a diagram that visually compares REST APIs and WebSockets across several dimensions:
Making the Right Choice
Choosing between REST APIs and WebSockets depends largely on your application’s requirements. Use REST APIs for predictable, stateless operations and simple CRUD interactions. Opt for WebSockets when you need a continuous, low-latency connection with real-time data exchange.
Important
Before deciding on a technology, consider both current requirements and potential future needs. Evaluating scalability, network efficiency, and maintenance overhead is critical to ensuring a robust application architecture.
By understanding these distinctions and considering your specific use case, you can make an informed decision about the most suitable communication model for your application.
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