> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://notes.kodekloud.com/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Go routines > This article explores goroutines, lightweight threads in Go's concurrency model, enabling efficient concurrent execution of functions. In this lesson, we explore goroutines, a fundamental component in Go's powerful concurrency model. Goroutines are essentially lightweight threads that run concurrently, managed efficiently by the Go Runtime Scheduler. Understanding how to use goroutines is key to writing high-performance Go applications. ## Understanding Goroutines Goroutines enable you to execute functions or methods concurrently by using the special keyword `go`. When you prefix a function call with `go`, the function executes in its own goroutine. This allows the program to perform multiple tasks simultaneously without the overhead of traditional threading. If you omit the `go` keyword, the function executes as part of the main goroutine, following the standard sequential program flow. ## Syntax Example Below is an example demonstrating how to start a goroutine that calls the `calculate` function concurrently: ```go theme={null} go calculate() ``` This example clearly shows that by placing the `go` keyword before the function call, the function is executed concurrently in a separate goroutine. ## Summary Goroutines are a cornerstone of Go's approach to concurrency, allowing efficient and easy parallel execution of code. By utilizing the simple syntax provided by the `go` keyword, developers can design applications that make effective use of multi-core systems and improve overall performance. For further reading, consider exploring the following resources: * [Goroutines: An Introduction](https://golang.org/doc/effective_go.html#goroutines) * [Go Concurrency Patterns](https://blog.golang.org/pipelines) That concludes our discussion on goroutines.