> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://notes.kodekloud.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Understand Deployment Usecase

> This article explores a full CI/CD pipeline including unit tests, Docker containerization, and Kubernetes deployments with manual approval for production.

In this lesson we explore a full CI/CD pipeline: from unit tests and coverage reports to Docker containerization and Kubernetes deployments. We’ll also add integration checks and enforce a manual approval gate before releasing to production.

## Pipeline Overview

| Stage               | Description                    | Commands                                                                   |
| ------------------- | ------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Unit Testing        | Validate application logic     | `npm install`<br />`npm test`                                              |
| Code Coverage       | Generate coverage metrics      | `npm install`<br />`npm run coverage`                                      |
| Docker Build & Push | Containerize and publish image | `docker build -t your-image:latest .`<br />`docker push your-image:latest` |

<Callout icon="lightbulb" color="#1CB2FE">
  Ensure your CI configuration archives test reports and coverage artifacts for visibility.
</Callout>

## 1. Completed CI Jobs

Here are the commands executed in separate CI stages:

```bash theme={null}
# Unit Tests
npm install
npm test
# Code Coverage
npm install
npm run coverage
# Docker Containerization
docker build -t your-image:latest .
docker run --rm your-image:latest
docker push your-image:latest
```

## 2. Kubernetes Deployment (Development)

Deploy to the development cluster using Kubernetes manifests:

1. Prepare manifests:
   * `deploy/deployment.yaml`
   * `deploy/ingress.yaml`
2. Apply them with `kubectl`:
   ```bash theme={null}
   kubectl apply -f deploy/deployment.yaml
   kubectl apply -f deploy/ingress.yaml
   ```
3. Verify the ingress and perform a quick integration test:
   ```bash theme={null}
   kubectl get ingress
   curl https://<dev-ingress-url>/live
   ```

<Callout icon="lightbulb" color="#1CB2FE">
  Always verify that the ingress controller and TLS certificates are correctly configured in your dev environment.
</Callout>

## 3. Kubernetes Deployment (Production) with Manual Approval

Before pushing changes to production, insert a manual approval step in your CI/CD workflow. Upon approval, deploy using the same manifests against the production context:

<Callout icon="triangle-alert" color="#FF6B6B">
  Production deployments are irreversible. Double-check your manifests, image tags, and environment-specific configurations before approving.
</Callout>

```bash theme={null}
# Apply production manifests
kubectl apply -f deploy/deployment.yaml --context=production
kubectl apply -f deploy/ingress.yaml --context=production

# Verify production ingress and run integration test
kubectl get ingress --context=production
curl https://<prod-ingress-url>/live
```

## References

* [Kubernetes CLI (kubectl)](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/)
* [Docker CLI Reference](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cli/)
* [npm Documentation](https://docs.npmjs.com/)

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