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AWS PrivateLink provides private, low-latency connectivity between your Amazon VPC and supported AWS services without using the public internet. By leveraging VPC endpoints, you can enhance security, improve performance, and simplify network architecture.

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AWS VPC Endpoint Types

AWS VPC endpoints come in two flavors:
Endpoint TypeSupported ServicesMechanismPrimary Use Case
Gateway EndpointAmazon S3, DynamoDBRoute tablesPrivate data access to S3/DynamoDB
Interface Endpoint100+ AWS services (Lambda, Kinesis, SNS, etc.)Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs)Private API calls to AWS services
Gateway endpoints are free of data processing charges, whereas interface endpoints incur hourly and per-GB data processing fees.

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Gateway Endpoint: Accessing Amazon S3 Privately

To keep traffic between your VPC and Amazon S3 entirely on the AWS network, create a gateway endpoint: 
aws ec2 create-vpc-endpoint \
  --vpc-id vpc-12345678 \
  --service-name com.amazonaws.us-east-1.s3 \
  --route-table-ids rtb-12345678
All S3 requests from your EC2 instances now use the private endpoint in your VPC, reducing latency and eliminating exposure to the public internet.
Gateway endpoints support only Amazon S3 and DynamoDB. For other services, use interface endpoints.

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Interface Endpoint: Calling AWS Lambda Privately

When your applications need to invoke Lambda functions without leaving the AWS backbone, deploy an interface endpoint: 
aws ec2 create-vpc-endpoint \
  --vpc-id vpc-12345678 \
  --service-name com.amazonaws.us-east-1.lambda \
  --subnet-ids subnet-abcdefgh \
  --security-group-ids sg-1234abcd
This command provisions ENIs in your selected subnets, each with private IP addresses mapped to the Lambda service endpoint. All Lambda invocations remain on the Amazon network, ensuring secure, low-latency communication.
The image is a diagram illustrating AWS Private Link and VPC Endpoints, showing how a virtual private cloud (VPC) connects to AWS services using gateway and interface endpoints.

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