Mock Exam 1 Solution

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Question 1: Deploy a Pod using the Nginx Alpine Image

kubectl run nginx-448839 --image=nginx:alpine

pod/nginx-448839 created

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Question 2: Create a Namespace

kubectl create ns apx-Z993845

namespace/apx-Z993845 created

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Question 3: Create a Deployment with Replicas

kubectl create deployment httpd-frontend --image=httpd:2.4-alpine --replicas=3

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Question 4: Deploy a Messaging Pod with a Label

kubectl run messaging --image=redis:alpine -l tier=MSG

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Question 5: Fix the ReplicaSet with Invalid Image Name

1. Check the ReplicaSet status:
   kubectl get rs
   
2. Describe the ReplicaSet to diagnose the problem:
   kubectl describe rs rs-d33393
   

3. Edit the ReplicaSet to correct the image name:
   kubectl edit rs rs-d33393
   
   In the YAML, change:
   image: busyboxXXXXXXXX
   
   to
   image: busybox
   
   Also, update the number of replicas to 4 by ensuring:
   spec:
     replicas: 4
   
4. Delete the misconfigured pods to allow the ReplicaSet to recreate them. First, list all pods:
   kubectl get pod
   
   Then, delete pods with the label name=busybox-pod:
   kubectl delete pod -l name=busybox-pod
   
5. Verify that the ReplicaSet now has 4 ready pods:
   kubectl get rs
   
   Expected output:
   NAME          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
   rs-d33393     4         4         4       <age>
   

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Question 6: Expose the Redis Deployment via a Service

kubectl expose deployment redis --port=6379 --name=messaging-service --namespace=marketing

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Question 7: Update the Environment Variable on a Pod

1. Export the pod configuration to a YAML file:
   kubectl get pod webapp-color -o yaml > webapp-color.yaml
   
2. Open webapp-color.yaml in your preferred editor and locate the environment variable section. Replace:
   - name: APP_COLOR
     value: pink
   
   with
   - name: APP_COLOR
     value: green
   
3. Apply the updated configuration by replacing the pod:
   kubectl replace -f webapp-color.yaml --force
   

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Question 8: Create a ConfigMap with Key-Value Pairs

• DB_NAME: SQL3322
• DB_HOST: sql322.mycompany.com
• DB_PORT: 3306

kubectl create configmap cm-3392845 --from-literal=DB_NAME=SQL3322 --from-literal=DB_HOST=sql322.mycompany.com --from-literal=DB_PORT=3306

kubectl describe cm cm-3392845

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Question 9: Create a Secret with Given Data

kubectl create secret generic db-secret --from-literal=DB_Host=sql01 --from-literal=DB_User=root --from-literal=DB_Password=password123

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Question 10: Update a Pod to Run as Root with SYS_TIME Capability

1. Export the pod configuration to a YAML file:
   kubectl get pod app-sec-kff3345 -o yaml > app-sec.yaml
   
2. Edit app-sec.yaml with the following modifications:
   • Under spec.securityContext, set runAsUser: 0:
     securityContext:
       runAsUser: 0
     
   • Under the container section (e.g., container “ubuntu”), add a security context to include the SYS_TIME capability:
     securityContext:
       capabilities:
         add:
           - SYS_TIME
     
   A sample modified section appears as:
   spec:
     containers:
       - name: ubuntu
         image: ubuntu
         command:
           - sleep
           - "4800"
         securityContext:
           capabilities:
             add:
               - SYS_TIME
     securityContext:
       runAsUser: 0
   
3. Apply the updated configuration by replacing the pod:
   kubectl replace -f app-sec.yaml --force
   

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Question 11: Export Pod Logs to a File

kubectl logs e-com-1123 -n e-commerce > /path/to/your/logfile.txt

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Question 12: Create a Persistent Volume

• Capacity: 100Mi
• Access mode: ReadWriteMany
• Host path: /PV/data-analytics

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv-analytics
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 100Mi
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
  storageClassName: Slow
  hostPath:
    path: /PV/data-analytics

kubectl apply -f pv.yaml

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Question 13: Create a Redis Deployment and Expose It

1. Create a deployment named “redis” using the redis:alpine image with one replica:
   kubectl create deployment redis --image=redis:alpine --replicas=1
   
2. Expose the deployment with a ClusterIP service on port 6379:
   kubectl expose deployment redis --name=redis --port=6379 --target-port=6379
   

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Question 14: Create a Network Policy for Redis Access

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: redis-access
  namespace: default
spec:
  podSelector:
    matchLabels:
      app: redis
  policyTypes:
  - Ingress
  ingress:
  - from:
    - podSelector:
        matchLabels:
          access: redis
    ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 6379

kubectl apply -f networkpolicy.yaml

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Question 15: Create a Pod with Two Containers

• Container “tails”: uses the busybox image and runs a sleep command for 3600 seconds.
• Container “sonic”: uses the nginx image and sets the environment variable NGINX_PORT to “8080”.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: sega
spec:
  containers:
    - name: tails
      image: busybox
      command:
        - sleep
        - "3600"
    - name: sonic
      image: nginx
      env:
        - name: NGINX_PORT
          value: "8080"

kubectl apply -f sega.yaml

kubectl replace -f sega.yaml --force