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Classifying data is a critical step in effective data protection and management. By applying data classification tags, organizations can ensure that security controls travel with the data and are enforced consistently, regardless of how or where the data is used. This approach simplifies the management of sensitive information and reduces the risk of data breaches. To start classifying data, consider its intended usage, the stakeholders involved, and the potential impact of a breach. For example, business units involved in research and product development might handle inventions, designs, or intellectual property on a daily basis. Such information is often proprietary and may be targeted by competitors, foreign governments, or criminal organizations.
The image is a diagram titled "Data Classifications" featuring an illustration of an office setting with two people at a desk, surrounded by the words "Company," "Inventions," "Design," and "Intellectual Property."
When classifying data, always verify the sensitivity level and who should have access. This helps in applying the proper security measures.
Data classifications are typically broken down into several categories:
  1. Public or Unclassified Data
    Public or unclassified data generally has no restrictions and poses little to no risk to the organization.
The image shows a folder icon with a person symbol, labeled "Unclassified Data," connected to a warning sign that says "No restrictions."
  1. Secret Data
    Secret data is highly sensitive and is accessible only to authorized personnel. There are cases where this data might be shared with trusted third parties, but only after a proper non-disclosure agreement has been established.
The image shows an icon of a locked folder labeled "Secret Data" and a text box stating, "It is handled by certain personnel only."
  1. Top Secret Data
    Top secret data represents the highest level of sensitivity. Due to the extreme value and risk, this information is accessible only to a very limited number of individuals.
The image is about "Top Secret Data" and features a graphic of a locked folder, emphasizing the extremely sensitive nature of the data and its limited access.
  1. Private Information
    Private information includes personally identifiable details such as social security numbers, names, addresses, and health records.
The image is a diagram titled "Private Data," showing a central icon of a document connected to three labeled points: Social Security Numbers, Names, and Addresses.
  1. Sensitive Information
    While similar to private data, sensitive information covers data that, if disclosed, could lead to more significant harm to an individual. This category may include personal identifiers along with potentially compromising details such as race, religion, ethnicity, or organizational affiliations. As a result, sensitive data requires stringent control and limited access.
The image is about sensitive data, describing it as private information that can cause harm if disclosed, may include embarrassing details, and requires strict control and access limitations.
Always ensure that classification policies are regularly reviewed and updated to reflect any changes in data handling practices or regulatory requirements.

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